After Prussia defeated France in the Franco-Prussian War, wargaming was widely adopted by military officers in other countries. Modern wargaming was invented in Prussia in the early 19th-century, and eventually the Prussian military adopted wargaming as a tool for training their officers and developing doctrine. Likewise, activities like paintball are sports rather than wargames. Some writers may refer to a military's field training exercises as "live wargames", but certain institutions such as the US Navy do not accept this. Generally, events based on live action (people actually performing simulated combat activities) are not considered wargames. Many simulate land combat, but there are wargames for naval and air combat as well. Many wargames recreate specific historic battles, and can cover either whole wars, or any campaigns, battles, or lower-level engagements within them. Wargaming may be played for recreation, to train military officers in the art of strategic thinking, or to study the nature of potential conflicts. A board wargame displaying an amphibious assault by the red player against an island defended by the green playerĪ wargame is a game that realistically simulates warfare, as opposed to abstract games such as chess.
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